Cubism
Born in 1907 in Paris, Cubism represents one of the most disruptive movement in art history. Its theoretical basis broke all artistic conventions and parameters to date to profess a new way of looking at the world: not just with the eyes but with the mind. Its first leaders, George Braque and Pablo Picasso, from their neighbouring studios, used the artistic experimentation to introduce different perspectives into their work, and de-constructing the three dimensional reality in fragmented single viewpoints and tonalities, while still retaining a representational approach to painting. The same Analytical Cubist idea applied to drawing and sculpture. A second Cubist period – between 1913 through the ‘20s – was defined Synthetic Cubism and characterised by using bright colours and patterns to flat-out images, often collages. Other prominent members of Cubism were Robert Delaunay, Fernand Léger, Francis Picabia, the young Marcel Duchamp and Juan Gris.